An automatic toll gate system using Arduino revolutionises traditional toll collection by eliminating manual intervention.

This infrared detector circuit uses a passive IR-detector component PID20. It converts heat radiation into electrical impulses. The output voltage of the PID20 increases when an object comes close to ...

An Infrared close object sensor installed on an industrial vehicle detects objects or pedestrians located in a hazardous area. When it detects a problem an audio/visual indicator makes an alert, that ...

How transimpedance amplifiers are used in fiber-optic communications, laser rangefinders, and LiDAR systems. How avalanche photodiodes enhance TIA performance. Application-specific design and topology ...

Many robotic applications require a sensor to detect close or very close obstacles. Typically, reflective-type infrared sensors are used for this task. But the circuit in the figure shows an infrared ...

Note: This specialization requires purchase of a hardware kit in order to apply your knowledge and skill with real world tools. The hardware will be used to complete the lab exercises across the four ...